關鍵字: 齊物論；道教心性論；真性；重玄方法論；內丹學轉型

Abstract: This study centers on Zhuangzi·Qiwulun (On the Equality of Things) to systematically elucidate its foundational role in shaping the Taoist mind-nature theory and cultivation systems of the Tang Dynasty. By reconstructing the ontology of "Dao modeling itself after spontaneity" (道法自然) and advancing a three-dimensional deconstruction of the "equality of things" — encompassing the equality of self/other, right/wrong, and life/death — Zhuangzi dismantles subject-object dualism and cognitive limitations, proposing the meditative state of "mental tranquility and sitting in forgetfulness" (虚静坐忘). This framework provided the philosophical bedrock for Taoist mind-nature discourse. Cheng Xuanying pivotalized the concept of "authentic nature" (真性), religio-philosophically reinterpreting Zhuangzi’s thought by asserting that "authentic nature constitutes the origin of life." Through the Twofold Mystery (重玄) methodology of "double negation of being and non-being" (双遣有无), he transformed the "equality of things" into a soteriological practice of "returning to spontaneity." Building upon this, Tang Dynasty Twofold Mystery thought catalyzed Taoism’s paradigm shift from external alchemy to internal alchemy. Sima Chengzhen’s Treatise on Sitting in Forgetfulness (坐忘论), with its emphasis on "withdrawing consciousness from phenomena," and the Zhong-Lü internal alchemy tradition’s "dual cultivation of nature and life" (性命双修) both stemmed from this intellectual lineage. Concurrently, Taoism assimilated Buddhist and Confucian elements, forging an integrative system of "Taoist essence, Confucian function, and Buddhist methods" (道体儒用佛法), which not only facilitated profound interpenetration of Three Teachings’ mind-nature theories but also furnished intellectual resources for Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism. This research reveals how Qiwulun, through Cheng Xuanying’s Twofold Mystery hermeneutics, achieved trans-epochal synthesis across philosophical ontology, religious praxeology, and cultural syncretism. Its "perspective of equality-in-difference" and "methodology of double negation" continue to offer profound insights for contemporary ecological philosophy, civilizational dialogue, and spiritual transcendence.

Key words: Qiwulun?(On the Equality of Things); Taoist mind-nature theory; authentic nature (真性); Twofold Mystery methodology (重玄); internal alchemy transformation