關鍵字: 智顗；《童蒙止觀》；道教煉養術；判教；佛道關係

Abstract: Tongmeng zhiguan,as an introductory text to Zhiyi's Tiantai system of samatha-vipasyana,systematically incorporates multiple facets of Daoist self-cultivation practices.Through textual analysis and tracing the history of thought, this paper explores Zhiyi’s selective integration of techniques such as Daoist physical regulation,breathing and massage,the method of guarding the one,and qi cultivation practices.This incorporation stemmed not only from the practical need to address “meditation sickness” but was also deeply influenced by the intellectual trend of Buddhist-Daoist syncretism during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.More crucially, through his doctrinal classification system,Zhiyi positioned Daoist self-cultivation practices as expedient means belonging to the “Human and Heavenly Vehicles”.In Tongmeng zhiguan, while fully acknowledging the practical value of these nourishment techniques,Zhiyi also established their subordinate status through Buddhist adaption,reflecting his broader religious perspective.

Key words: Zhiyi;Tongmeng zhiguan;Daoist Self-CultivationPractices;Doctrinal