關鍵字: 老子化胡說；摩尼教；景教；道教；宗教調適

Abstract: During the Tang Dynasty,Daoism, supported by the theory of Laozi’s Conversion of the Barbarians and imperial patronage,established a powerful and influential cultural context.Against this backdrop,the foreign religions of Manichaeism and Nestorianism adopted distinctly different strategies of ideological adaptation to establish themselves in the mainland. Manichaeism employed a “narrative integration” approach, directly placing its founder,Mani,into the genealogy of “Laozi’s Conversion of the Barbarians” by proclaiming him an incarnation of Laozi.This strategy was used to gain legitimate local identity and political asylum.In contrast, Nestorianism adopted a “conceptual borrowing” strategy.While adhering to the theological premise of Christ’s uniqueness,it extensively used indigenous intellectual vocabulary from sources like Daoism to interpret its core doctrines,attempting to build a communicative bridge at the linguistic level.These two strategies,rooted in their respective doctrinal genetics,had profound impacts on their historical fates in China.The former,at the cost of sacrificing part of its doctrinal subjectivity,achieved deeper dissemination among the populace.The latter,while maintaining its theological purity,struggled to be deeply accepted by the local culture,and its development was constrained.

Key words: Laozi’s Conversion of the Barbarians;Manichaeism;Nestorianism;Daoism;religious accommodation